{"id":15997,"date":"2019-04-03T21:00:02","date_gmt":"2019-04-03T19:00:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stripa.nu\/?p=15997"},"modified":"2025-01-06T18:09:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T17:09:37","slug":"metroens-historie-1-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/?p=15997","title":{"rendered":"Metroens historie (1\/3)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1864. Det var \u00e5ret da Metropolitian Railway<\/a> \u00e5pnet. Dampende lokomotiv gjelder. De kj\u00f8res under jorden i tubeformede tunneler. Der begynte alt. I 1890 gjorde elektronikken<\/a> sitt inntog. Da var en ny tidsalder blitt til.
\n
\nDette var f\u00f8dselen av det vi idag kjenner som metroen<\/a>.<\/p>\n

De f\u00f8rste tunnelene<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u2022 I 1836 ble de f\u00f8rste tunnelene bygd i Liverpool<\/a>.
\n\u2022 27 \u00e5r senere: i 1863 kom London<\/a> etter.
\n\u2022 10 Januar, 1863 s\u00e5 ble London Underground<\/a> \u00e5pnet.
\n\u2022 Kjennetegnet for sine tubeformede<\/a> tunneler.
\n\u2022 Disse var laget etter Cut and Cover<\/a> metoden.
\n\u2022 Systemet var dampdrevet<\/a>.
\n\u2022 Det var ikke s\u00e6rlig behagelig for de reisende<\/a>.
\n\u2022 Systemet kom f\u00f8rst til indre<\/a> by.
\n\u2022 Senere ble det utvidet til de nordvestlige<\/a> byomr\u00e5dene.
\n\u2022 S\u00e5 kom vest<\/a> og \u00f8st<\/a> i byen.
\n\u2022 I 1904 sto hele systemet<\/a> ferdig.
\n\u2022 Da var det bygget ut til Essex<\/a>, Buckinghamshire<\/a> og Hertfordshire<\/a>.
\n\u2022 Verdens f\u00f8rste<\/a> og eldste metrosystem.
\n\u2022 Til \u00e5 begynne med var det bare undergrunnsstasjoner.
\n\u2022 Stasjoner over bakken kom f\u00f8rst p\u00e5 1900-tallet<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Elektrifiseringen<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Elektrifiseringen begynte i Londons bykjerne<\/a>.
\n\u2022 En raskt voksende befolkning og effektiv transport krevde sitt.
\n\u2022 I 1890 ble det satt igang<\/a> med tunneler bygget dypt, i tubeform.
\n\u2022 Deretter fulgte Liverpool Overhead Railway<\/a> etter i 1892 (nedlagt i 1957).
\n\u2022 Og s\u00e5 Budapest Metro<\/a> i 1896.
\n\u2022 Tett etterfulgt av New York City Subway<\/a> og Paris Metro.
\n\u2022 S\u00e5vel som Glasgow Subway, Berlin U-Bahn og Chicago L<\/a>.
\n\u2022 Alt begynte med tre-vogners<\/a> trafikk og signalbelysning.
\n\u2022 Frank J. Sprague<\/a> var mannen som fant opp hvordan \u00e5 bruke str\u00f8m.
\n\u2022 Det f\u00f8rte til og ga oss full<\/a> skinneg\u00e5ende trafikk.<\/p>\n

Utviklingen i Europa<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u2022 I Europa var Budapest Metro<\/a> f\u00f8rst ut i 1896.
\n\u2022 Samme \u00e5r s\u00e5 \u00e5pnet Glasgow Subway<\/a> i Skottland.
\n\u2022 I Budapest ble kj\u00f8reledninger brukt fremfor str\u00f8mskinner<\/a>.
\n\u2022 I Glasgow<\/a> ble kabeldrevne vognsett brukt frem til 1935.
\n\u2022 Paris Metro \u00e5pnet i 1902 og Berlin U-Bahn i 1904.
\n\u2022 Ny standard ble satt da de fleste stasjonene var over bakken.
\n\u2022 De fleste europeiske landene kom sakte men sikkert etter.
\n\u2022 I Europa er det idag 56 metrosystemer<\/a> i drift.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u2022 Hjem<\/a> \u2022 Side 2<\/a> \u2022 Side 3<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1864. Det var \u00e5ret da Metropolitian Railway \u00e5pnet. Dampende lokomotiv gjelder. De kj\u00f8res under jorden i tubeformede tunneler. Der begynte alt. I 1890 gjorde elektronikken sitt inntog. Da var en ny tidsalder blitt til.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":16115,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6217],"tags":[11214,11213,11212,2666,4324,10974,4310,4325,10519,7226,7225,4326,4311,1138,2637,2983,5055,7359,8907,3022,12079,2677,28,487,196,199,10113,10114,2408,2952,1361,1744,4168,11216,2067,4305,3921,4304,4170,1466,542,916,4321,7069,11209,11211,417,4749,206,207,157,11218,1575,491,4261,4262,9764,3922,11215,155,324,238,10130,2668,1503,172,1556,13,69,10134,68,10963,2112,1486,1942,198,4263,4322,4169,358,357,583,61,9578,11210,16,2669,2670,11217,686,2967,2396,62,1113,4267,3068,6,11219,212,213,12,11221,3598,2676,3076,4274,197,195,2655,2675,4254,4264,107,101,2665,4255,371,7785,10192],"class_list":{"0":"post-15997","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-undergrunn","8":"tag-1800-aarene","9":"tag-1800-tallet","10":"tag-1800s","11":"tag-2666","12":"tag-4324","13":"tag-10974","14":"tag-4310","15":"tag-4325","16":"tag-1900-aarene","17":"tag-1900-tallet","18":"tag-1900s","19":"tag-4326","20":"tag-4311","21":"tag-1138","22":"tag-2637","23":"tag-2983","24":"tag-5055","25":"tag-7359","26":"tag-8907","27":"tag-3022","28":"tag-12079","29":"tag-a-til-b","30":"tag-aktuelt","31":"tag-amerika","32":"tag-berlin","33":"tag-berlin-u-bahn","34":"tag-broeff","35":"tag-broeffebroeff","36":"tag-broh","37":"tag-broh-bruff","38":"tag-bruff","39":"tag-bruh","40":"tag-brutah","41":"tag-buckinghamshire","42":"tag-chicago","43":"tag-chicago-l","44":"tag-circle-line","45":"tag-cut-and-cover","46":"tag-daddah","47":"tag-daglidags","48":"tag-dagligdags","49":"tag-dagliglivet","50":"tag-dampdrevet-lokomotiv","51":"tag-elektrisitet","52":"tag-elektronikk","53":"tag-en-ny-tidsalder","54":"tag-england","55":"tag-essex","56":"tag-eu","57":"tag-europa","58":"tag-fakta","59":"tag-frank-j-sprague","60":"tag-frankrike","61":"tag-fritid","62":"tag-glasgow","63":"tag-glasgow-subway","64":"tag-globalt","65":"tag-hammersmith-city-line","66":"tag-hertfordshire","67":"tag-historie","68":"tag-historikk","69":"tag-hobby","70":"tag-hoeykultur","71":"tag-hva-metro-er","72":"tag-hverdagslig","73":"tag-hverdagsliv","74":"tag-hverdagslivet","75":"tag-kollektivtrafikk","76":"tag-kultur","77":"tag-kultur-og-saant","78":"tag-kulturgreier","79":"tag-la-meetro","80":"tag-liverpool","81":"tag-london","82":"tag-london-underground","83":"tag-metro","84":"tag-metroens-tilblivelse","85":"tag-metropolitan-railway","86":"tag-mutah","87":"tag-new-york-city","88":"tag-new-york-city-subway","89":"tag-nord-amerika","90":"tag-norge","91":"tag-northern-line","92":"tag-ny-tidsalder","93":"tag-oslo","94":"tag-paris","95":"tag-paris-metro","96":"tag-piccadilly-line","97":"tag-reise","98":"tag-sis","99":"tag-sistah","100":"tag-skottland","101":"tag-statisk-innhold","102":"tag-statisk-side","103":"tag-storbritannia","104":"tag-stripa","105":"tag-stroemskinner","106":"tag-subway","107":"tag-t-bane","108":"tag-t-banen","109":"tag-t-banens-foedsel","110":"tag-the-tube","111":"tag-transport","112":"tag-tuben","113":"tag-tunnelbane","114":"tag-tyskland","115":"tag-u-bahn","116":"tag-underground","117":"tag-undergrunnen","118":"tag-undergrunnsbane","119":"tag-ungarn","120":"tag-usa","121":"tag-verden","122":"tag-verdens-storbyer","123":"tag-verdensmetropoler","124":"tag-web","125":"tag-webed","126":"tag-webside"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15997","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15997"}],"version-history":[{"count":61,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15997\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39793,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15997\/revisions\/39793"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16115"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stripa.nu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}